Rocket Lab USA vs AST SpaceMobile (RKLB vs ASTS) 2026: Stock Returns, Risk & Volatility

Q: Which is a better investment: RKLB or ASTS?

Over the past year, RKLB looks like the better investment: it had higher total return (RKLB +278.0% vs ASTS +231.4%) and a higher Sharpe ratio (RKLB 1.98 vs ASTS 1.67). On risk, RKLB was less volatile (RKLB 83.4% vs ASTS 99.0%), RKLB had a smaller max drawdown (RKLB -43.0% vs ASTS -47.0%), and RKLB had less severe losses on the worst 5% of days (Expected Shortfall of RKLB -11.00% vs ASTS -11.69%).

Written by Gale Finance Team

Reviewed by Sid Kalla CFA Charterholder

Quick answer

Which is a better investment: RKLB or ASTS?

Over the past year, RKLB outperformed ASTS. RKLB returned +278.0% compared with ASTS’s +231.4%. RKLB had the better risk-adjusted return, with a Sharpe ratio of 1.98 versus ASTS’s 1.67. RKLB was less volatile than ASTS, and RKLB had a smaller max drawdown than ASTS.

Total Return

RKLB +278.0%

ASTS +231.4%

Sharpe Ratio

RKLB 1.98

ASTS 1.67

Annualized Volatility

RKLB 83.4%

ASTS 99.0%

Max Drawdown

RKLB -43.0%

ASTS -47.0%

Metric winners: Total Return: RKLB; Sharpe Ratio: RKLB; Annualized Volatility: RKLB (less volatile); Max Drawdown: RKLB (smaller drawdown).

RKLB Total Return

↑ +278.0%

ASTS Total Return

↑ +231.4%

Relative Performance of RKLB vs ASTS (Normalized to 100)

RKLB ASTS

Normalized to 100 at start date for comparison

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Key Takeaways

Total Return: RKLB delivered a +278.0% total return, while ASTS returned +231.4% over the same period. RKLB outperformed on total returns.
Risk-Adjusted Return (Sharpe Ratio): RKLB had a higher Sharpe (1.98 vs 1.67), indicating better risk-adjusted performance.
Volatility (Annualized): ASTS was more volatile, with 99.0% annualized volatility, versus 83.4% for RKLB.
Maximum Drawdown: RKLB's maximum drawdown was -43.0%, while ASTS experienced a deeper drawdown of -47.0%.
Tail Risk (VaR & Expected Shortfall): At the 5% level (daily log returns), RKLB's VaR was -9.44% and its Expected Shortfall (CVaR) was -11.00%; ASTS's were -9.98% and -11.69%. VaR is the cutoff; Expected Shortfall is the average move on the worst days.
Skew & Kurtosis: Skew: RKLB -0.15 vs ASTS 0.05. Excess kurtosis: RKLB 0.23 vs ASTS -0.15. Negative skew leans downside; higher excess kurtosis means fatter tails.
Tail Days & Extremes: 2σ tail days (down/up): RKLB 11/5, ASTS 5/9. Worst day: RKLB -12.57% (2025-09-16) vs ASTS -15.17% (2026-02-12). Best day: RKLB +17.69% (2025-12-19) vs ASTS +18.25% (2025-12-04).
Risk ratios: Sortino - RKLB: 3.10 vs. ASTS: 2.67 , Calmar - RKLB: 6.54 vs. ASTS: 4.98 , Sterling - RKLB: 12.58 vs. ASTS: 8.79 , Treynor - RKLB: 0.56 vs. ASTS: 0.59 , Ulcer Index - RKLB: 17.97% vs. ASTS: 21.51%

Investment Comparison

If you invested $10,000 in each asset on April 25, 2025:

RKLB $37,801.61 +278.0%

ASTS $33,143.94 +231.4%

Difference: $4,657.67 (RKLB ahead)

Rocket Lab USA vs AST SpaceMobile Performance Over Time

Metric	RKLB	ASTS
30 Days	28%	-9.5%
90 Days	-4.8%	-30.7%
180 Days	31%	6.9%
1 Year	278%	231.4%

Shorter time frames can show different leaders as market conditions change. Consider your investment horizon when comparing performance.

Rocket Lab USA vs AST SpaceMobile Correlation

Average Correlation

strongly correlated

0.62

Current (30-day) 0.74

30-day rolling range +0.11 to +0.89

Rocket Lab USA and AST SpaceMobile are strongly correlated over the past year. With a correlation of 0.62, these assets tend to move together, limiting diversification benefits.

For portfolio construction, this strong correlation means holding both RKLB and ASTS provides limited risk reduction — they're likely to decline together in downturns.

Metric	Value
Current (30-day)	0.74
Average (full period)	0.62
Minimum (30-day rolling)	0.11
Maximum (30-day rolling)	0.89

Correlation measures how closely two assets move together. Values near +1 indicate strong co-movement, near 0 indicates independence, and negative values indicate inverse movement. Current, minimum, and maximum figures are 30-day rolling correlations on shared daily returns.

Drawdown

Maximum Drawdown

RKLB

-43.0%

ASTS

-47.0%

Rocket Lab USA experienced its maximum drawdown of -43% from 2025-10-15 to 2025-11-20. It took 29 days to recover.

AST SpaceMobile experienced its maximum drawdown of -47% from 2025-10-15 to 2025-11-20. It took 47 days to recover.

Smaller drawdowns and faster recoveries indicate lower downside risk and greater resilience during market stress.

Rocket Lab USA vs AST SpaceMobile Volatility (RKLB vs ASTS)

RKLB Volatility

83.4%

±5.25% 1-day vol

ASTS Volatility

99.0%

±6.24% 1-day vol

1-day volatility (1σ)

RKLB

±5.25%

ASTS

±6.24%

Rocket Lab USA's 83.4% annualized volatility translates to about ±5.25% one-standard-deviation daily volatility.

AST SpaceMobile's 99.0% annualized volatility translates to about ±6.24% one-standard-deviation daily volatility.

ASTS had the wider volatility profile over this window. That means its day-to-day return distribution was broader; RKLB was calmer, but lower volatility does not by itself mean better returns.

Treat the ± daily figure as a one-standard-deviation estimate from historical returns, not a forecast or expected absolute daily move. For context, 15-18% annualized volatility is roughly ±1% one-standard-deviation daily volatility.

Risk-adjusted ratios

Sharpe Ratio of RKLB and ASTS

Sharpe Ratio: RKLB vs. ASTS

Return per total volatility

Sharpe gives us excess return per unit of risk. Upside and downside volatility both count as risk.

Higher is better

excess return / total volatility

Formula

\displaystyle \mathrm{Sharpe} = \frac{\mathbb{E}[R] - R_f}{\sigma_R}

Sharpe ratio measures return per unit of risk (volatility). A higher Sharpe indicates better risk-adjusted performance. RKLB had a higher Sharpe (1.98 vs 1.67), indicating better risk-adjusted performance.

A Sharpe above 1.0 is generally considered good, above 2.0 is excellent. Negative Sharpe means the asset underperformed the risk-free rate. Calculated on each asset's full 365-day lookback of available prices and annualized using the asset calendar (365 for crypto, 252 trading days for equities/ETFs/metals).

Sortino Ratio of RKLB and ASTS

Sortino Ratio: RKLB vs. ASTS

Return per downside volatility

Sortino keeps the return-over-risk idea, but only returns below the target rate count as volatility.

Higher is better

excess return / downside volatility

Formula

\displaystyle \mathrm{Sortino} = \frac{\mathbb{E}[R] - R_f}{\sigma_{\mathrm{down}}}

Sortino ratio measures return per unit of downside risk. Unlike Sharpe, it only counts downside deviation (returns below the target return). RKLB had better downside-adjusted returns.

A higher Sortino is better. It's useful when upside volatility is common (crypto is the obvious example). Downside deviation: RKLB 53.3% vs ASTS 62.1%. Calculated on each asset's full 365-day lookback of available prices, using the daily risk-free rate as the target return, and annualized using the asset calendar (365 for crypto, 252 trading days for equities/ETFs/metals).

Calmar Ratio of RKLB and ASTS

Calmar Ratio: RKLB vs. ASTS

CAGR per worst drawdown

Calmar compares CAGR against the single deepest peak-to-trough loss over the period.

Higher is better

CAGR / max drawdown

Formula

\displaystyle \mathrm{Calmar} = \frac{\mathrm{CAGR}}{|\mathrm{MaxDD}|}

Calmar ratio compares CAGR to maximum drawdown. Higher Calmar means more return per unit of worst drawdown. RKLB posted the higher Calmar ratio.

Calmar is computed on each asset's full 365-day lookback and uses the max drawdown over that same window.

Sterling Ratio of RKLB and ASTS

Sterling Ratio: RKLB vs. ASTS

Return per average drawdown

Sterling smooths the drawdown penalty by using average drawdown events instead of only the worst one.

Higher is better

excess annual return / average deep drawdown

Formula

\displaystyle \mathrm{Sterling} = \frac{\mathrm{CAGR} - R_f}{\overline{D}_{>10\%}}

Sterling ratio measures excess return per unit of average drawdown (typically drawdowns worse than 10%). RKLB posted the higher Sterling ratio.

Sterling uses average drawdown events deeper than 10% and subtracts the risk-free rate to report excess return.

Treynor Ratio of RKLB and ASTS

Treynor Ratio: RKLB vs. ASTS

Excess return per market beta

Treynor divides excess annualized return by beta — the sensitivity of the asset to broad-market moves. The slope shown is each asset’s beta vs SPY.

Higher is better

excess return / market beta

Formula

\displaystyle \mathrm{Treynor} = \frac{\mathbb{E}[R] - R_f}{\beta}

Treynor ratio measures excess return per unit of market risk (beta) instead of total volatility. ASTS posted the higher Treynor ratio.

Treynor uses beta vs the S&P 500 (SPY) on shared dates and the average 3-month Treasury rate as the risk-free rate.

Ulcer Index of RKLB and ASTS

Ulcer Index: RKLB vs. ASTS

Drawdown pain

Ulcer Index is a risk index, not a return-over-risk ratio. Lower means smaller and shorter drawdowns.

Lower is better

root-mean-square drawdown

Formula

\displaystyle \mathrm{UI} = \sqrt{\mathbb{E}[D_t^2]}

Ulcer Index captures drawdown depth and duration. Lower Ulcer Index means less drawdown pain. RKLB had the lower Ulcer Index (less drawdown pain).

Ulcer Index is computed from each asset's drawdown series over the full lookback window.

Tail Risk & Distribution Shape (1-Year): Rocket Lab USA vs. AST SpaceMobile

This section looks at the shape of daily returns, not just the average. Tail stats are computed per asset on its own daily series (crypto includes weekends). We use daily log returns $\ln\left(\frac{P_t}{P_{t-1}}\right)$ so multi-day moves add cleanly.

Definitions: Value at Risk (VaR), Expected Shortfall, skew, kurtosis, and fat tails.

Tail Risk & Distribution Shape: RKLB vs. ASTS (1-Year)

Actual daily return tails

The bars are real daily log-return observations from the article window. Darker bars are observations at or beyond each asset’s 5% VaR cutoff.

Observed returns

VaR marks the 5th percentile loss cutoff; Expected Shortfall averages the observations beyond that cutoff.

Formula

\displaystyle \mathrm{VaR}_{5\%}=Q_{0.05}(r_t),\quad \mathrm{ES}_{5\%}=\mathbb{E}[r_t\mid r_t\le \mathrm{VaR}_{5\%}]

Metric (1-Year)	RKLB	ASTS
5% VaR (daily log return)	-9.44%	-9.98%
5% Expected Shortfall (CVaR)	-11.00% (worst 13 days)	-11.69% (worst 13 days)
Skew	-0.15	0.05
Excess kurtosis	0.23	-0.15
2σ tail days (down / up)	11 / 5	5 / 9
Worst day	-12.57% (2025-09-16)	-15.17% (2026-02-12)
Best day	+17.69% (2025-12-19)	+18.25% (2025-12-04)

Downside co-moves (2σ) — 1-Year

Computed on shared dates only (n=249). A “2σ downside move” means a shared-close log return more than 2 standard deviations below that asset’s own mean on this shared-date series. Dates below show simple returns (%) for readability.

Downside co-move map: RKLB vs. ASTS (2σ)

Shared-close daily returns

Dots mark actual downside days: asset-colored dots are one-sided downside moves, and red dots are joint downside days. Grey dots add sampled shared-return context when available. The shaded lower-left zone shows where both RKLB and ASTS crossed their own 2σ downside threshold.

2σ

Show downside tail dates

Dates below are shared-date observations. The “Date” is the period end (close). Tail thresholds are computed on log returns, but the table shows simple returns (%) for readability. Returns are computed from the previous shared close to this one (for example, Friday → Monday includes weekend moves).

Days when both RKLB and ASTS had a big down day (2σ)

Date (interval)	RKLB	ASTS
2025-11-20	-9.49%	-12.60%
2025-12-12 → 2025-12-15	-9.89%	-11.59%

Days when RKLB had a big down day

Date (interval)	RKLB	ASTS
2025-05-09	-11.21%	+2.02%
2025-09-03	-11.72%	-7.26%
2025-09-16	-12.57%	-1.32%
2025-11-06	-12.07%	-7.25%
2025-11-13	-9.45%	-4.73%
2025-11-20	-9.49%	-12.60%
2025-12-12 → 2025-12-15	-9.89%	-11.59%
2026-01-23 → 2026-01-26	-9.47%	-7.74%
2026-02-04	-10.04%	-10.59%
2026-03-18	-11.59%	-5.18%
2026-03-26	-9.52%	-8.54%

Days when ASTS had a big down day

Date (interval)	RKLB	ASTS
2025-10-31 → 2025-11-03	-2.60%	-11.35%
2025-11-20	-9.49%	-12.60%
2025-12-12 → 2025-12-15	-9.89%	-11.59%
2026-01-07	-2.27%	-12.06%
2026-02-12	-5.19%	-15.17%

Read this as “how ugly the ugly days get”, not as a precise forecast. One-year samples are small, so tail estimates are inherently noisy.

Full Comparison of Rocket Lab USA vs. AST SpaceMobile (1-Year)

Metric	RKLB	ASTS
Total Return	+278.0%	+231.4%
Annualized Volatility	83.4%	99.0%
Sharpe Ratio	1.98	1.67
Sortino Ratio	3.10	2.67
Calmar Ratio	6.54	4.98
Sterling Ratio	12.58	8.79
Treynor Ratio	0.56	0.59
Ulcer Index	17.97%	21.51%
Max Drawdown	-43.0%	-47.0%
Avg Correlation to S&P 500	0.39	0.34
5% VaR (daily log return)	-9.44%	-9.98%
5% Expected Shortfall (CVaR)	-11.00%	-11.69%
Skew	-0.15	0.05
Excess kurtosis	0.23	-0.15
2σ tail days (down / up)	11 / 5	5 / 9

Audit this calculation

Formulas, inputs, and conventions used to compute the metrics on this page.

Inputs & conventions

Shared window for pair metrics: 2025-04-25 → 2026-04-23 (last shared close).
Rolling correlation sample (shared closes): 220 rolling 30-day values (from 249 shared daily returns).
Annualization (days/year): RKLB: 252 days/year; ASTS: 252 days/year.
Risk-free rate: Uses the 3-month U.S. Treasury yield (FRED: DGS3MO), averaged over each asset’s window:

RKLB: 4.17% over 2025-04-25 → 2026-04-23.

ASTS: 4.17% over 2025-04-25 → 2026-04-23.
Volatility drag (rule of thumb): Estimated from annualized volatility (simple returns). For the log-return framing, see Log returns.

RKLB: ≈ -34.8%/yr

ASTS: ≈ -49.0%/yr
Data alignment: No forward fill. Correlation and tail co-moves are computed on shared closes only.
For cross-calendar pairs (e.g., crypto vs stocks), weekend/holiday moves roll into the next shared close.
Return conventions: Volatility/Sharpe/Sortino use simple daily returns. Tail-risk uses daily log returns for distribution stats (but tables show simple returns). Log returns.

Formulas

Daily simple return

r_t = \frac{P_t}{P_{t-1}} - 1

Volatility

\sigma_{ann} = \sigma(r_t)\sqrt{A}

Volatility drag (approx.)

\text{drag} \approx \tfrac{1}{2}\sigma_{ann}^2

Sharpe Ratio

S = \frac{A\,\bar{r} - r_f}{\sigma(r_t)\sqrt{A}}

Sortino Ratio

So = \frac{A\,\bar{r} - r_f}{\sqrt{\mathbb{E}[\min(0,\,r_t - r_f/A)^2]}\,\sqrt{A}}

Maximum Drawdown

MDD = \min_t\left(\frac{P_t}{\max_{s \le t} P_s} - 1\right)

Average Correlation

\rho = \frac{\operatorname{cov}(r^A,\,r^B)}{\sigma_A\,\sigma_B}

Log returns

\ell_t = \ln\left(\frac{P_t}{P_{t-1}}\right)

Notation

$P_t$: Price on day t.
$r_t$: Simple daily return.
$\ell_t$: Log daily return.
$\bar{r}$: Average daily return.
$\sigma(r_t)$: Standard deviation of daily returns.
$A$: Annualization factor (days/year).
$r_f$: Annual risk-free rate.

Rocket Lab USA vs AST SpaceMobile: Frequently Asked Questions

Which has higher volatility: RKLB or ASTS?

ASTS showed higher volatility at 99.0% annualized, compared to 83.4% for RKLB Over the past year. Higher volatility means larger price swings in both directions.

Does RKLB provide diversification when held with ASTS?

RKLB and ASTS are strongly correlated over the past year, with an average correlation of 0.62. This strong correlation limits diversification benefits.

How bad are the worst 5% days for RKLB vs ASTS?

Over the past year, RKLB's 5% VaR was -9.44% and its 5% Expected Shortfall was -11.00% (worst 13 days). ASTS's were -9.98% and -11.69% (worst 13 days).

Do RKLB and ASTS crash together on bad days?

On shared dates (n=249), when ASTS has a 2σ down day, RKLB also does 40.0% (2/5 days). In the other direction, when RKLB has one, ASTS also does 18.2% (2/11 days).

Which has better risk-adjusted returns: RKLB or ASTS?

RKLB showed better risk-adjusted performance with a Sharpe ratio of 1.98 versus ASTS's 1.67 Over the past year.

Can RKLB and ASTS be combined in a portfolio?

Yes, though allocation sizing matters. Their strong correlation provides limited risk reduction since they tend to move together. ASTS's higher volatility (99.0%) means even small allocations can materially impact overall portfolio risk.

Explore our financial glossary

Which is a better investment: RKLB or ASTS?

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Relative Performance of RKLB vs ASTS (Normalized to 100)

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Key Takeaways

Investment Comparison

Rocket Lab USA vs AST SpaceMobile Performance Over Time

Rocket Lab USA vs AST SpaceMobile Correlation

Drawdown

Rocket Lab USA vs AST SpaceMobile Volatility (RKLB vs ASTS)

Risk-adjusted ratios

Sharpe Ratio of RKLB and ASTS

Sharpe Ratio: RKLB vs. ASTS

Sortino Ratio of RKLB and ASTS

Sortino Ratio: RKLB vs. ASTS

Calmar Ratio of RKLB and ASTS

Calmar Ratio: RKLB vs. ASTS

Sterling Ratio of RKLB and ASTS

Sterling Ratio: RKLB vs. ASTS

Treynor Ratio of RKLB and ASTS

Treynor Ratio: RKLB vs. ASTS

Ulcer Index of RKLB and ASTS

Ulcer Index: RKLB vs. ASTS

Tail Risk & Distribution Shape (1-Year): Rocket Lab USA vs. AST SpaceMobile

Tail Risk & Distribution Shape: RKLB vs. ASTS (1-Year)

Downside co-moves (2σ) — 1-Year

Downside co-move map: RKLB vs. ASTS (2σ)

Days when both RKLB and ASTS had a big down day (2σ)

Days when RKLB had a big down day

Days when ASTS had a big down day

Full Comparison of Rocket Lab USA vs. AST SpaceMobile (1-Year)

Inputs & conventions

Formulas

Rocket Lab USA vs AST SpaceMobile: Frequently Asked Questions

Which has higher volatility: RKLB or ASTS?

Does RKLB provide diversification when held with ASTS?

How bad are the worst 5% days for RKLB vs ASTS?

Do RKLB and ASTS crash together on bad days?

Which has better risk-adjusted returns: RKLB or ASTS?

Can RKLB and ASTS be combined in a portfolio?