iShares Tech Software Sector vs Bitcoin (IGV vs BTC) 2026: Returns, Risk & Volatility

Q: Which is a better investment: IGV or BTC?

Over the past year, it depends: IGV led on total return (IGV -11.8% vs BTC -17.9%), but BTC had the higher Sharpe ratio (BTC -0.33 vs IGV -0.53). On risk, IGV was less volatile (IGV 25.5% vs BTC 42.7%), IGV had a smaller max drawdown (IGV -36.6% vs BTC -48.9%), and IGV had less severe losses on the worst 5% of days (Expected Shortfall of IGV -4.07% vs BTC -5.20%).

Written by Gale Finance Team

Reviewed by Sid Kalla CFA Charterholder

Quick answer

Which is a better investment: IGV or BTC?

Over the past year, IGV outperformed BTC. IGV returned -11.8% compared with BTC’s -17.9%. BTC had the better risk-adjusted return, with a Sharpe ratio of -0.33 versus IGV’s -0.53. IGV was less volatile than BTC, and IGV had a smaller max drawdown than BTC.

Total Return

IGV -11.8%

BTC -17.9%

Sharpe Ratio

IGV -0.53

BTC -0.33

Annualized Volatility

IGV 25.5%

BTC 42.7%

Max Drawdown

IGV -36.6%

BTC -48.9%

Metric winners: Total Return: IGV; Sharpe Ratio: BTC; Annualized Volatility: IGV (less volatile); Max Drawdown: IGV (smaller drawdown).

IGV Total Return

↓ -11.8%

BTC Total Return

↓ -17.9%

Relative Performance of IGV vs BTC (Normalized to 100)

IGV BTC

Normalized to 100 at start date for comparison

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Key Takeaways

Total Return: IGV delivered a -11.8% total return, while BTC returned -17.9% over the same period. IGV outperformed on total returns.
Risk-Adjusted Return (Sharpe Ratio): Both Sharpe ratios were negative (BTC -0.33 vs IGV -0.53), meaning both underperformed the risk-free rate; BTC was less negative.
Volatility (Annualized): BTC was more volatile, with 42.7% annualized volatility, versus 25.5% for IGV.
Maximum Drawdown: IGV's maximum drawdown was -36.6%, while BTC experienced a deeper drawdown of -48.9%.
Tail Risk (VaR & Expected Shortfall): At the 5% level (daily log returns), IGV's VaR was -2.78% and its Expected Shortfall (CVaR) was -4.07%; BTC's were -3.80% and -5.20%. VaR is the cutoff; Expected Shortfall is the average move on the worst days.
Skew & Kurtosis: Skew: IGV -0.57 vs BTC -0.19. Excess kurtosis: IGV 1.47 vs BTC 4.48. Negative skew leans downside; higher excess kurtosis means fatter tails.
Tail Days & Extremes: 2σ tail days (down/up): IGV 8/3, BTC 9/9. Worst day: IGV -5.83% (2026-04-23) vs BTC -11.85% (2026-02-04). Best day: IGV +5.40% (2026-04-13) vs BTC +11.72% (2026-02-05).
Risk ratios: Sortino - IGV: -0.70 vs. BTC: -0.46 , Calmar - IGV: -0.32 vs. BTC: -0.35 , Sterling - IGV: -0.44 vs. BTC: -0.70 , Treynor - IGV: -0.11 vs. BTC: -0.15 , Ulcer Index - IGV: 15.55% vs. BTC: 25.22%

Investment Comparison

If you invested $10,000 in each asset on April 25, 2025:

IGV $8,819.12 -11.8%

BTC $8,210.8 -17.9%

Difference: $608.32 (IGV ahead)

iShares Tech Software Sector vs Bitcoin Performance Over Time

Metric	IGV	BTC
30 Days	3.4%	9.1%
90 Days	-14.5%	-12.9%
180 Days	-28%	-30.3%
1 Year	-11.8%	-17.1%

Shorter time frames can show different leaders as market conditions change. Consider your investment horizon when comparing performance.

iShares Tech Software Sector vs Bitcoin Correlation

Average Correlation

weakly correlated

0.28

Current (30-day) 0.07

30-day rolling range -0.16 to +0.79

iShares Tech Software Sector and Bitcoin are weakly correlated over the past year. With a correlation of 0.28, these assets show meaningful independence, offering diversification benefits when held together.

For portfolio construction, this weak correlation suggests that combining IGV and BTC could reduce overall portfolio variance. However, correlations can increase during market stress.

Metric	Value
Current (30-day)	0.07
Average (full period)	0.28
Minimum (30-day rolling)	-0.16
Maximum (30-day rolling)	0.79

Correlation measures how closely two assets move together. Values near +1 indicate strong co-movement, near 0 indicates independence, and negative values indicate inverse movement. Current, minimum, and maximum figures are 30-day rolling correlations on shared daily returns.

Drawdown

Maximum Drawdown

IGV

-36.6%

BTC

-48.9%

iShares Tech Software Sector experienced its maximum drawdown of -36.6% from 2025-09-22 to 2026-04-10. It has not yet recovered to its previous peak.

Bitcoin experienced its maximum drawdown of -48.9% from 2025-10-06 to 2026-02-04. It has not yet recovered to its previous peak.

Smaller drawdowns and faster recoveries indicate lower downside risk and greater resilience during market stress.

iShares Tech Software Sector vs Bitcoin Volatility (IGV vs BTC)

IGV Volatility

25.5%

±1.61% 1-day vol

BTC Volatility

42.7%

±2.23% 1-day vol

1-day volatility (1σ)

IGV

±1.61%

BTC

±2.23%

iShares Tech Software Sector's 25.5% annualized volatility translates to about ±1.61% one-standard-deviation daily volatility.

Bitcoin's 42.7% annualized volatility translates to about ±2.23% one-standard-deviation daily volatility.

BTC had the wider volatility profile over this window. That means its day-to-day return distribution was broader; IGV was calmer, but lower volatility does not by itself mean better returns.

Treat the ± daily figure as a one-standard-deviation estimate from historical returns, not a forecast or expected absolute daily move. For context, 15-18% annualized volatility is roughly ±1% one-standard-deviation daily volatility.

Risk-adjusted ratios

Sharpe Ratio of IGV and BTC

Sharpe Ratio: IGV vs. BTC

Return per total volatility

Sharpe gives us excess return per unit of risk. Upside and downside volatility both count as risk.

Higher is better

excess return / total volatility

Formula

\displaystyle \mathrm{Sharpe} = \frac{\mathbb{E}[R] - R_f}{\sigma_R}

Sharpe ratio measures return per unit of risk (volatility). A higher Sharpe indicates better risk-adjusted performance. Both Sharpe ratios were negative (BTC -0.33 vs IGV -0.53), meaning both underperformed the risk-free rate; BTC was less negative.

A Sharpe above 1.0 is generally considered good, above 2.0 is excellent. Negative Sharpe means the asset underperformed the risk-free rate. Calculated on each asset's full 365-day lookback of available prices and annualized using the asset calendar (365 for crypto, 252 trading days for equities/ETFs/metals).

Sortino Ratio of IGV and BTC

Sortino Ratio: IGV vs. BTC

Return per downside volatility

Sortino keeps the return-over-risk idea, but only returns below the target rate count as volatility.

Higher is better

excess return / downside volatility

Formula

\displaystyle \mathrm{Sortino} = \frac{\mathbb{E}[R] - R_f}{\sigma_{\mathrm{down}}}

Sortino ratio measures return per unit of downside risk. Unlike Sharpe, it only counts downside deviation (returns below the target return). BTC had better downside-adjusted returns.

A higher Sortino is better. It's useful when upside volatility is common (crypto is the obvious example). Downside deviation: IGV 19.6% vs BTC 30.4%. Calculated on each asset's full 365-day lookback of available prices, using the daily risk-free rate as the target return, and annualized using the asset calendar (365 for crypto, 252 trading days for equities/ETFs/metals).

Calmar Ratio of IGV and BTC

Calmar Ratio: IGV vs. BTC

CAGR per worst drawdown

Calmar compares CAGR against the single deepest peak-to-trough loss over the period.

Higher is better

CAGR / max drawdown

Formula

\displaystyle \mathrm{Calmar} = \frac{\mathrm{CAGR}}{|\mathrm{MaxDD}|}

Calmar ratio compares CAGR to maximum drawdown. Higher Calmar means more return per unit of worst drawdown. IGV posted the higher Calmar ratio.

Calmar is computed on each asset's full 365-day lookback and uses the max drawdown over that same window.

Sterling Ratio of IGV and BTC

Sterling Ratio: IGV vs. BTC

Return per average drawdown

Sterling smooths the drawdown penalty by using average drawdown events instead of only the worst one.

Higher is better

excess annual return / average deep drawdown

Formula

\displaystyle \mathrm{Sterling} = \frac{\mathrm{CAGR} - R_f}{\overline{D}_{>10\%}}

Sterling ratio measures excess return per unit of average drawdown (typically drawdowns worse than 10%). IGV posted the higher Sterling ratio.

Sterling uses average drawdown events deeper than 10% and subtracts the risk-free rate to report excess return.

Treynor Ratio of IGV and BTC

Treynor Ratio: IGV vs. BTC

Excess return per market beta

Treynor divides excess annualized return by beta — the sensitivity of the asset to broad-market moves. The slope shown is each asset’s beta vs SPY.

Higher is better

excess return / market beta

Formula

\displaystyle \mathrm{Treynor} = \frac{\mathbb{E}[R] - R_f}{\beta}

Treynor ratio measures excess return per unit of market risk (beta) instead of total volatility. IGV posted the higher Treynor ratio.

Treynor uses beta vs the S&P 500 (SPY) on shared dates and the average 3-month Treasury rate as the risk-free rate.

Ulcer Index of IGV and BTC

Ulcer Index: IGV vs. BTC

Drawdown pain

Ulcer Index is a risk index, not a return-over-risk ratio. Lower means smaller and shorter drawdowns.

Lower is better

root-mean-square drawdown

Formula

\displaystyle \mathrm{UI} = \sqrt{\mathbb{E}[D_t^2]}

Ulcer Index captures drawdown depth and duration. Lower Ulcer Index means less drawdown pain. IGV had the lower Ulcer Index (less drawdown pain).

Ulcer Index is computed from each asset's drawdown series over the full lookback window.

Tail Risk & Distribution Shape (1-Year): iShares Tech Software Sector vs. Bitcoin

This section looks at the shape of daily returns, not just the average. Tail stats are computed per asset on its own daily series (crypto includes weekends). We use daily log returns $\ln\left(\frac{P_t}{P_{t-1}}\right)$ so multi-day moves add cleanly.

Definitions: Value at Risk (VaR), Expected Shortfall, skew, kurtosis, and fat tails.

Tail Risk & Distribution Shape: IGV vs. BTC (1-Year)

Actual daily return tails

The bars are real daily log-return observations from the article window. Darker bars are observations at or beyond each asset’s 5% VaR cutoff.

Observed returns

VaR marks the 5th percentile loss cutoff; Expected Shortfall averages the observations beyond that cutoff.

Formula

\displaystyle \mathrm{VaR}_{5\%}=Q_{0.05}(r_t),\quad \mathrm{ES}_{5\%}=\mathbb{E}[r_t\mid r_t\le \mathrm{VaR}_{5\%}]

Metric (1-Year)	IGV	BTC
5% VaR (daily log return)	-2.78%	-3.80%
5% Expected Shortfall (CVaR)	-4.07% (worst 13 days)	-5.20% (worst 19 days)
Skew	-0.57	-0.19
Excess kurtosis	1.47	4.48
2σ tail days (down / up)	8 / 3	9 / 9
Worst day	-5.83% (2026-04-23)	-11.85% (2026-02-04)
Best day	+5.40% (2026-04-13)	+11.72% (2026-02-05)

Downside co-moves (2σ) — 1-Year

Computed on shared dates only (n=249). A “2σ downside move” means a shared-close log return more than 2 standard deviations below that asset’s own mean on this shared-date series. Dates below show simple returns (%) for readability.

Downside co-move map: IGV vs. BTC (2σ)

Shared-close daily returns

Dots mark actual downside days: asset-colored dots are one-sided downside moves, and red dots are joint downside days. Grey dots add sampled shared-return context when available. The shaded lower-left zone shows where both IGV and BTC crossed their own 2σ downside threshold.

2σ

Show downside tail dates

Dates below are shared-date observations. The “Date” is the period end (close). Tail thresholds are computed on log returns, but the table shows simple returns (%) for readability. Returns are computed from the previous shared close to this one (for example, Friday → Monday includes weekend moves).

Days when both IGV and BTC had a big down day (2σ)

Date (interval)	IGV	BTC
2026-02-20 → 2026-02-23	-4.75%	-5.65%

Days when IGV had a big down day

Date (interval)	IGV	BTC
2026-01-29	-4.94%	-0.47%
2026-02-03	-4.61%	-4.18%
2026-02-05	-4.97%	+11.72%
2026-02-20 → 2026-02-23	-4.75%	-5.65%
2026-03-24	-4.29%	+1.44%
2026-03-27	-3.59%	+1.08%
2026-04-09	-3.90%	+1.23%
2026-04-23	-5.83%	-0.54%

Days when BTC had a big down day

Date (interval)	IGV	BTC
2025-08-22 → 2025-08-25	-0.72%	-5.69%
2025-10-10	-3.10%	-6.98%
2025-11-14	+0.56%	-5.29%
2026-01-16 → 2026-01-20	-2.42%	-6.06%
2026-01-28	-0.72%	-5.42%
2026-01-30	-2.12%	-7.07%
2026-02-04	-1.82%	-11.85%
2026-02-20 → 2026-02-23	-4.75%	-5.65%

Read this as “how ugly the ugly days get”, not as a precise forecast. One-year samples are small, so tail estimates are inherently noisy.

Full Comparison of iShares Tech Software Sector vs. Bitcoin (1-Year)

Metric	IGV	BTC
Total Return	-11.8%	-17.9%
Annualized Volatility	25.5%	42.7%
Sharpe Ratio	-0.53	-0.33
Sortino Ratio	-0.70	-0.46
Calmar Ratio	-0.32	-0.35
Sterling Ratio	-0.44	-0.70
Treynor Ratio	-0.11	-0.15
Ulcer Index	15.55%	25.22%
Max Drawdown	-36.6%	-48.9%
Avg Correlation to S&P 500	0.69	0.41
5% VaR (daily log return)	-2.78%	-3.80%
5% Expected Shortfall (CVaR)	-4.07%	-5.20%
Skew	-0.57	-0.19
Excess kurtosis	1.47	4.48
2σ tail days (down / up)	8 / 3	9 / 9

Audit this calculation

Formulas, inputs, and conventions used to compute the metrics on this page.

Inputs & conventions

Shared window for pair metrics: 2025-04-25 → 2026-04-23 (last shared close).
Rolling correlation sample (shared closes): 220 rolling 30-day values (from 249 shared daily returns).
Annualization (days/year): IGV: 252 days/year; BTC: 365 days/year.
Risk-free rate: Uses the 3-month U.S. Treasury yield (FRED: DGS3MO), averaged over each asset’s window:

IGV: 4.17% over 2025-04-25 → 2026-04-23.

BTC: 4.17% over 2025-04-24 → 2026-04-23.
Volatility drag (rule of thumb): Estimated from annualized volatility (simple returns). For the log-return framing, see Log returns.

IGV: ≈ -3.3%/yr

BTC: ≈ -9.1%/yr
Data alignment: No forward fill. Correlation and tail co-moves are computed on shared closes only.
For cross-calendar pairs (e.g., crypto vs stocks), weekend/holiday moves roll into the next shared close.
Return conventions: Volatility/Sharpe/Sortino use simple daily returns. Tail-risk uses daily log returns for distribution stats (but tables show simple returns). Log returns.

Formulas

Daily simple return

r_t = \frac{P_t}{P_{t-1}} - 1

Volatility

\sigma_{ann} = \sigma(r_t)\sqrt{A}

Volatility drag (approx.)

\text{drag} \approx \tfrac{1}{2}\sigma_{ann}^2

Sharpe Ratio

S = \frac{A\,\bar{r} - r_f}{\sigma(r_t)\sqrt{A}}

Sortino Ratio

So = \frac{A\,\bar{r} - r_f}{\sqrt{\mathbb{E}[\min(0,\,r_t - r_f/A)^2]}\,\sqrt{A}}

Maximum Drawdown

MDD = \min_t\left(\frac{P_t}{\max_{s \le t} P_s} - 1\right)

Average Correlation

\rho = \frac{\operatorname{cov}(r^A,\,r^B)}{\sigma_A\,\sigma_B}

Log returns

\ell_t = \ln\left(\frac{P_t}{P_{t-1}}\right)

Notation

$P_t$: Price on day t.
$r_t$: Simple daily return.
$\ell_t$: Log daily return.
$\bar{r}$: Average daily return.
$\sigma(r_t)$: Standard deviation of daily returns.
$A$: Annualization factor (days/year).
$r_f$: Annual risk-free rate.

iShares Tech Software Sector vs Bitcoin: Frequently Asked Questions

Which has higher volatility: IGV or BTC?

BTC showed higher volatility at 42.7% annualized, compared to 25.5% for IGV Over the past year. Higher volatility means larger price swings in both directions.

Does IGV provide diversification when held with BTC?

IGV and BTC are weakly correlated over the past year, with an average correlation of 0.28. This weak correlation suggests meaningful diversification benefits when held together.

How bad are the worst 5% days for IGV vs BTC?

Over the past year, IGV's 5% VaR was -2.78% and its 5% Expected Shortfall was -4.07% (worst 13 days). BTC's were -3.80% and -5.20% (worst 19 days).

Do IGV and BTC crash together on bad days?

On shared dates (n=249), when BTC has a 2σ down day, IGV also does 12.5% (1/8 days). In the other direction, when IGV has one, BTC also does 12.5% (1/8 days).

Which has better risk-adjusted returns: IGV or BTC?

Both assets posted negative Sharpe ratios Over the past year (BTC -0.33 vs IGV -0.53), meaning both underperformed the risk-free rate; BTC was less negative.

Can IGV and BTC be combined in a portfolio?

Yes, though allocation sizing matters. Their weak correlation could meaningfully reduce overall portfolio variance. BTC's higher volatility (42.7%) means even small allocations can materially impact overall portfolio risk.

Explore our financial glossary

Which is a better investment: IGV or BTC?

Share This Comparison of IGV vs BTC

Relative Performance of IGV vs BTC (Normalized to 100)

Trade IGV or BTC

Key Takeaways

Investment Comparison

iShares Tech Software Sector vs Bitcoin Performance Over Time

iShares Tech Software Sector vs Bitcoin Correlation

Drawdown

iShares Tech Software Sector vs Bitcoin Volatility (IGV vs BTC)

Risk-adjusted ratios

Sharpe Ratio of IGV and BTC

Sharpe Ratio: IGV vs. BTC

Sortino Ratio of IGV and BTC

Sortino Ratio: IGV vs. BTC

Calmar Ratio of IGV and BTC

Calmar Ratio: IGV vs. BTC

Sterling Ratio of IGV and BTC

Sterling Ratio: IGV vs. BTC

Treynor Ratio of IGV and BTC

Treynor Ratio: IGV vs. BTC

Ulcer Index of IGV and BTC

Ulcer Index: IGV vs. BTC

Tail Risk & Distribution Shape (1-Year): iShares Tech Software Sector vs. Bitcoin

Tail Risk & Distribution Shape: IGV vs. BTC (1-Year)

Downside co-moves (2σ) — 1-Year

Downside co-move map: IGV vs. BTC (2σ)

Days when both IGV and BTC had a big down day (2σ)

Days when IGV had a big down day

Days when BTC had a big down day

Full Comparison of iShares Tech Software Sector vs. Bitcoin (1-Year)

Inputs & conventions

Formulas

iShares Tech Software Sector vs Bitcoin: Frequently Asked Questions

Which has higher volatility: IGV or BTC?

Does IGV provide diversification when held with BTC?

How bad are the worst 5% days for IGV vs BTC?

Do IGV and BTC crash together on bad days?

Which has better risk-adjusted returns: IGV or BTC?

Can IGV and BTC be combined in a portfolio?